Comparison of the Local Anaesthetics Articaine and Bupivacaine in Treatment of Acute Sternum Pain After Heart Surgery

This study is currently recruiting participants.
Verified February 2013 by Helsinki University Central Hospital
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Reino Poyhia, Helsinki University Central Hospital
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
NCT01536717
First received: February 16, 2012
Last updated: February 6, 2013
Last verified: February 2013

February 16, 2012
February 6, 2013
March 2012
December 2014   (final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Oxycodone consumption [ Time Frame: 72 hours from initiation of treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
Same as current
Complete list of historical versions of study NCT01536717 on ClinicalTrials.gov Archive Site
Intensity of pain in rest/in movement (AUC) [ Time Frame: 72 hours from initiation of treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
Same as current
Not Provided
Not Provided
 
Comparison of the Local Anaesthetics Articaine and Bupivacaine in Treatment of Acute Sternum Pain After Heart Surgery
Comparison of Periosteal and Subcutaneous Infusions of Articaine and Bupivacaine in Treatment of Acute Pain After Sternotomy

The purpose of this study is to examine the wound infusion of articaine for treatment of acute post-sternotomy pain in a placebo-controlled manner using a prospective and randomized design and an active control (bupivacaine)

Acute pain after open heart surgery can be moderate or strong and is mostly caused by sternotomy. Pain is the worst during the first two post-operative days and, if not adequately treated, can delay the patient´s recovery from surgery. Sternotomy pain can be alleviated by using paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids. All these drugs may have remarkable side-effects which may delay the recovery from surgery: opioids are respiratory depressants and slower the gastrointestinal motility, NSAIDs reduce intrarenal blood flow and may disturb coagulation. Post-operative opioid consumption can be reduced by using wound infiltration analgesia.

The use of wound infiltration analgesia has not been extensively investigated in treatment of acute pain after sternotomy. There is some evidence, that 0.5% bupivacaine reduces the acute post-sternotomy pain when infused constantly via catheters placed under the fascia (periosteal placement) and the skin.

During 48 hours infusion toxic bupivacaine plasma levels were not observed. There is an evidence that local anesthetics can be bacteriostatic both in vitro and in vivo.

Articaine is an amide-type local anesthetics, which has been used extensively in dental procedures since more than forty years. It has been successfully used in infiltration, epidural, spinal and other regional anesthesia procedures. Articaine is quickly hydrolyzed in plasma and excreted by kidneys. Clearance of articain (500-1110l/h) is faster than that of lidocaine (68l/h) and it is also the reason for articaine´s low toxicity profile. Because of it´s low toxicity and high ability to penetrate the periosteal tissue, articaine may be advantageous in treatment of acute pain after sternotomy, but aforementioned indication for use of articaine has not been investigated. Compared to other local anesthetics, articaine in high concentration has the same neurotoxicity profile, when injected directly into rat´s sciatic nerve. Articaine has not been extensively compared to other local anesthetics, but according the latest odontologic investigation, single dose 0.5% bupivacaine and single-dose 4% articaine were comparable in their analgesic effects during tooth extraction procedure. There are no controlled randomized trials comparing analgesic effect of articaine and other local anesthetics infusions.

In our investigation bupivacain 0.5 % was chosen as an active control, because it has appeared effective in acute postoperative pain and it has reduced the need for opioid analgetics after sternotomy

Interventional
Phase 4
Allocation: Randomized
Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Diseases of Mitral Valve
  • Aortic Valve Disorder
  • Atrial Septal Defects
  • Intracardiac Myxoma
  • Drug: Articaine hydrochloride 2% solution
    • 4 ml/h periosteal wound infusion
    • duration of 72 h
    Other Name: Ultracain D ohne Adrenalin 20 mg/ml, ATC code N01BB08
  • Drug: Sodium Chloride
    Placebo Sodium chloride 0,9%
  • Active Comparator: Bupivacaine hydrochloride 0.5%
    Bupivacaine hydrochloride is related chemically and pharmacologically to the aminoacyl local anesthetics. Bupivacaine hydrochloride is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, for oral surgery procedures, for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures.
    Intervention: Drug: Articaine hydrochloride 2% solution
  • Placebo Comparator: Sodium chloride 0,9%
    Intervention: Drug: Sodium Chloride

*   Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline.
 
Recruiting
60
March 2015
December 2014   (final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Inclusion Criteria:

  • elective procedure
  • open heart surgery
  • aortic valve surgery
  • mitral valve surgery
  • atrial septal defect repair surgery
  • intracardial myxoma removal surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

  • local anesthetic allergy
  • sulphide allergy
  • asthma
  • pregnant women
  • neurological disease (TIA excluded)
  • congestive heart failure
  • left ventricle ejection fracture under 0.3
  • liver failure
  • diabetes mellitus with documented polyneuropathy
  • chronic pain condition
  • mother tongue not finnish or swedish
  • patients, who do not agree blood transfusions
Both
18 Years to 75 Years
No
Contact: Mihkel Meinberg, MD +358504286766 mihkel.meinberg@hus.fi
Contact: Reino Pöyhiä, MD, PhD +35894711 reino.poyhia@hus.fi
Finland
 
NCT01536717
2011-004307-20
No
Reino Poyhia, Helsinki University Central Hospital
Helsinki University Central Hospital
Not Provided
Study Chair: Reino Pöyhiä, MD, PhD Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Division of Surgery, Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital
Principal Investigator: Mihkel Meinberg, MD Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care medicine, Division of Surgery, Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital
Helsinki University Central Hospital
February 2013

ICMJE     Data element required by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the World Health Organization ICTRP