Delivery of Self Training and Education for Stressful Situations-Telephone Version (DESTRESS-T)

• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version (PCL) [ Time Frame: Baseline, 12 weeks, 18 weeks, and 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Symptoms of PTSD will be assessed using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version. The PCL is a self-report measure developed for measuring PTSD symptom severity and for estimating PTSD caseness when administration of a structured clinical interview is not feasible. Respondents rate PCL items on a 5-point scale ("not at all" through "extremely") to indicate the degree to which they have been bothered by each of 17 PTSD symptoms during the past month. Possible PCL scores range from 17 to 85.
  
  

• Medical Outcomes Survey Short-Form-12 (SF-12) [ Time Frame: Baseline, 12 weeks, 18 weeks, and 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The SF-12 is a commonly used measure of mental and physical functional status. The 12 items in the SF-12 are a subset of those in the SF-36. The SF-12 contains one or two items from each of the eight health scales: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health problems, bodily pain, general health, vitality (energy/fatigue), social functioning, and role limitations due to emotional problems and mental health (psychological distress and psychological well being). The SF-12 will allow us to characterize the functional status of our sample.
  
  
• World Health Organization Health & Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) [ Time Frame: Baseline, 12 weeks, 18 weeks, and 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  We will use the 21-item 7-day clinical trial version of the World Health Organization Health & Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) to measure the impact of DESTRESS-PC on occupational functioning. The HPQ is a self-report questionnaire that obtains information about three types of workplace consequences: absenteeism (missed work days due to illness), presenteeism (low performance at work), and critical incidents.
  
  
• Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) [ Time Frame: Baseline, 12 weeks, 18 weeks, and 24 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The PHQ is a self-report assessment of common mental disorders developed specifically for primary care. PHQ allows brief provisional primary care diagnoses of a several disorders including major depression, panic disorder, other anxiety disorder, and multisomatoform disorder. We will use the PHQ for brief assessments of depression, anxiety (panic and generalized anxiety), and somatic symptom severity, assessments with excellent correspondence to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria.
  
  
• Generalized Anxiety Symptom Severity (GAD-7) [ Time Frame: Baseline ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Generalized anxiety symptoms will be assessed using the GAD-7, a brief measure designed for use in general health settings.
  
  
• Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) [ Time Frame: baseline, 12 week, 18 week and 24 week ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The SDS is a three-item self-reporting tool measuring the impairment of a disability on work, social life and family life/home responsibilities. SDS is scored on a 10-point scale with 0 being "not at all disrupted" and being 10 "extremely disrupted" with any item scoring above 5 indicating a significant functional impairment in that domain. It has been used as an outcome measure in studies of PTSD due to its construct criterion related validity.
  
  
• Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Civilian version (AUDIT-C) [ Time Frame: baseline, 12 week, 18 week, and 24 week ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Audit-C is a brief screen that has been found to effectively discriminate between patients with a history of drinking problems and those without such a history, including hazardous drinking. Its brevity ensures that clinicians will remember it, and administration time is minimal. A positive total score is an indication for further screening and assessment
  
  
• Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS). [ Time Frame: baseline, 12 week, 18 week, and 24 week ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The NRS directs participants to rate pain intensity using three, 11-point, 0 ("no pain") to 10 ("pain as bad as you can imagine") numeric rating scales. Instructions ask participants to "Please rate your pain by indicating the number that best describes your pain on average in the last 24 hours", pain "at its worst", and "pain at its least". The NRS will be used in this study to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on comorbid symptoms of pain.
  
  

This is a randomized controlled trial that will compare DESTRESS-T to Optimized Usual Care (OUC). Optimized Usual Care is usual primary care PTSD treatment, plus a telephone care management program that includes: four outreach calls, feedback to the treating primary care provider (PCP), and care coordination.